Tutankhamun’s golden sarcophagus.AMR NABIL (AFP) One of the most interesting books left us by the centenary of the discovery of Tutankhamun’s tomb which took place on November 4 is the new book dedicated to the pharaoh one of the great specialists and disseminators of Ancient Egypt Joyce Tyldesley (Bolton United Kingdom 63 years old). In Tutankhamen Pharaoh Icon Enigma subtitled Lost for Three Thousand Years Misunderstood for a Century (Attic of Books 2023) Tyldesley Professor of Egyptology at the University of Manchester PhD in Archeology from Oxford and who has worked on excavations in Hermopolis Magna and in his Tuna el-Gebel necropolis vindicates the famous monarch as a capable king questioning his traditional image of an insignificant childish weak sickly and manipulable character. Tutankhamen would have been according to the scholar a competent pharaoh who would have shown “strength of character and determination” in turning Egypt back to orthodoxy after the imbroglio of the Amarna period. He ruled Egypt for ten years he notes reestablished the pantheon of traditional gods reopened the royal necropolis in the Valley of the Kings and “was well on his way to achieving his ambitions and becoming one of the great pharaohs when came.” Tutankhamun’s library: the books you must read about the pharaoh and the discovery of his tombTyldesley’s book which already dedicated another important book to the same king The Curse of Tutankhamun (Ariel) is very attractively organized into focused chapters in different aspects of the story of the pharaoh told from his own perspective that of his queen and sister-wife that of his gravediggers and his looters and in the modern world that of the man who said that the Valley of the Kings was exhausted (Theodore Davis) 跨際數位行銷 面試 that of the discoverer Howard Carter that of the journalists and writers who covered the news of the discovery and the emergence of the idea of the curse that of the Egyptian workers pcios and women and that of Douglas Derry the person in charge of the autopsy of Tutankhamun’s mummy together with that of the Bishop of Chelmsford who publicly expressed his concern about the fate of the king’s body in 1923 asking what he would think of the British that the tomb and the corpse of Queen Victoria would have been treated the same. Do we have to change our idea of the “child” Tutankhamen delicate and almost invalid? “Yes” Tyldesley answers exhaustively in an interview with this newspaper. “I think we should do it. There is some evidence to suggest that Tutankhamun was a frail individual – most obviously the staffs discovered in his tomb and his foot – but there is an equal amount of evidence to suggest that he was relatively healthy – the king’s chariots and images leading an active life. I think it’s particularly important not to be fooled by canes: we have to remember that the cane was a symbol of authority carried by elite men and it doesn’t have to indicate or a problem with walking. And the to Tutankhamen’s foot could be postmortem during the mummification process or during the autopsy that Carter and Derry performed on him.” The scholar recalls that there is no evidence in Tutankhamun’s footwear -shoes and sandals- deposited in his tomb that he could have a clubfoot. It has been suggested that Tutankhamun could even go to war at the head of his troops . It is surprising to have to imagine him now as an action man and someone with an important and decisive political activity. “There is no evidence that he personally went to war 跨際數位行銷有限公司 跨際數位行銷有限公司dcard 跨際數位行銷 面試 跨際數位行銷 面試 ” says the Egyptologist. “But instead I tend to believe the images that show him hunting ostriches in the desert. When he came to the throne aged eight it is unlikely that he knew much about his own kingdom. But by the time he he was a man who had made the decision to adhere to the policies set forth by his advisers. I think that shows strength of character and a determination to correct the problems caused by the preceding Amarna era.” The scholar emphasizes that at his Tutankhamun “was the most influential man in the Mediterranean world of the Bronze Age.” Returning to the ostriches Tyldesley proposes in his book as the cause of Tutankhamun’s a car accident hunting these birds . She claims there is some evidence… “The gravediggers and priests who filled Tutankhamen’s tomb left a fan with ostrich feathers near his body. It was decorated with those feathers (now they have been due to poor conservation) and with engraved scenes of Tutankhamun hunting ostriches in the desert. It was a fashionable activity among the elite youth at the time seasoned with speed and danger.I’ve combined that clue with autopsy evidence which shows extensive to the pharaoh’s chest. Which suggests to me that he from a hunting accident when he was speeding in his car. The fact that his heart was not preserved suggests that he far from the embalming workshop.” Colossal statue of Tutankhamen in quartzite from Medinet Habu (Luxor) exhibited at the Oriental Institute Museum in Chicago. Beata Zawrzel (Getty) The Tyldesley’s book incorporates the theme of Nicholas Reeves’s hypothesis of the existence of hidden chambers in Tutankhamen’s tomb. The theory of the shared grave. What should we expect from all this? Is there a quick way to solve the riddle? “Tutankhamen was undoubtedly buried in an unfinished tomb a tomb not intended for a king and not originally designed for him. I would not be surprised if the tomb builders in adapting the burial place for Tutankhamen (a logistical nightmare) had tried to create more chambers by opening them from the burial chamber. The remains of those unfinished chambers—ghost door profiles—may well be evident beneath the plaster. But I don’t think there’s enough evidence to suggest that there are fully finished rooms under there. I imagine Carter would have checked that possibility by testing the wall with pins. The only way to solve this question once and for all would be to make a hole in the wall and insert a camera: but it would be a very method and it is unlikely to be done”. In Luxor there are few traces of the centenary of the discovery of the tomb and on the tomb itself in the Valley of the Kings there is no mention of the anniversary. Has the date served to disseminate the figure of Tutankhamen and the scientific adventure of finding him? “It is interesting that in Europe and the US the anniversary of the discovery has been widely commemorated while in Egypt less attention has been paid to it. Maybe it’s a good thing: Egyptian authorities look forward to and celebrate their ongoing archaeological discoveries rather than looking back to a time when non-Egyptians excavated Egyptian kings.” What do you think of the discovery episode? Does it impact you? Still the thrill of the find story? Today we know that things were not exactly as they told us… “I still find it a very attractive story 跨際數位行銷 面試 跨際數位行銷有限公司dcard 跨際數位行銷有限公司 跨際數位行銷 面試 but I that sometimes that story displaces that of the reign of Tutankhamun. We must not be obsessed with the treasures of his tomb or his burial home!” Tutankhamun’s mummy shown to the public in the Valley of the Kings in Luxor (Egypt). STR (EFE) the Amarna family the much-discussed family tree of Tutankhamun’s family. What can we be completely sure of and what not? Tyldesley suggests that the paternity of even the two female fetuses found in the tomb who might not be daughters of Tutankhamen may be in doubt. “We can be sure of Akhenaten’s biological family from the fact that he married Nefertiti and that they had six daughters. Anything else is more or less inexplicable and therefore open to discussion. I believe the fetuses are the stillborn daughters of Tutankhamen and Ankhesenamun but we must not ignore other possible explanations. And we don’t know why these two girls were included in the goods perhaps a feminine protection?” Nefertiti. “I think she was an important queen in a family of important queens. So yes I think we’ve gone too far in assessing her importance and you should be looking at the importance of all the royal women of Amarna. Since she was not royal by birth Nefertiti was perhaps not as important as her daughters…”. She says that there is no proof that she ruled Egypt as queen. Instead the scholar highlights the role of Ankesenamón. “Yes she is important as she becomes Tutankhamen’s consort and she performs all the duties and rituals of her wife. Carter her son from her time gave a view of her as passive and caring that is out of keeping with her role and her important and political obligations. He also believes that her older sister 跨際數位行銷 面試 跨際數位行銷有限公司 跨際數位行銷有限公司dcard 跨際數位行銷 評價 跨際數位行銷 面試 Meritaten who was also Queen of Egypt has been greatly underestimated despite being a major influence after Akhenaten’s death.” American tourists view King Tutankhamun’s burial chamber in the Valley of the Kings.Amr Nabil (AP) As for the way in which Carter treated the mummy of Tutankhamen a highly debated issue with supporters of justifying the discoverer and those who think it was a pity and a shame Joyce Tyldesley opines: “I think Carter excavated and he investigated the tomb well 跨際數位行銷 面試 but his study of the royal mummy was and caused a lot of damage. Although we have to remember that he was working with the archeology standards of a hundred years ago”. Do you think Tutankhamun should be preserved differently than it is today displayed in a glass case in his tomb? “It is a decision that corresponds to the Egyptian authorities; I am not qualified to say as there are many factors to consider. Personally however I think it is not the image that Tutankhamen would have wanted to give of himself and I would like to see him back to his own coffins and sarcophagus in his Burial Chamber but that would carry a high security risk and will never happen.” What has changed today in our way of seeing Tutankhamen? Is he still so popular? “Yes I think he is. The Internet has done a great job spreading information about Tutankhamen. Unfortunately not all of this information is correct.” All the culture that goes with you awaits you here.Subscribe 跨際數位行銷有限公司 跨際數位行銷有限公司dcard 跨際數位行銷 面試 跨際數位行銷 評價 跨際數位行銷有限公司dcard 跨際數位行銷 評價 跨際數位行銷 ptt
